Sun light - is a radiant energy created by consuming hydrogen in nuclear fusion reactions. Solar radiation is transmitted to the earth in portions of energy called photons.

Solar panels - (containing photovoltaic cells) convert solar radiation into electricity ("photo" = light, "voltaic" = energy). Individual cells are packaged into modules. Groups of modules are called arrays. The array produces a stream of electricity in direct current (DC).

The inverter - converts the DC electricity into alternating current (AC) electricity for use in the building.

Domestic / commercial use - The AC power is then either used by your house (or commercial building), alongside the electricity that you buy off the grid, or...

Grid / utility - The power generated from your solar panels can be fed straight back into the grid.